To meet this important need, the World Resources Institute (WRI) and UNEP Finance Initiative (UNEP-FI) launched a process in early 2014 to develop a framework to help fnancial intermediaries and investors, as well as stakeholders with an interest in this topic, more systematically to identify, assess, and manage carbon asset risk. This framework is intended to be useful for institutions with a diverse range of risk appetites, as well as perspectives on the probability and impact of various types of carbon risk. It was developed through a multi-stakeholder process that included investors, academics, consultants, and representatives from banks, insurance companies, and environmental advocacy organizations.